Coronavirus is on the rise in the U.S., prompting questions about when Americans can roll up their sleeves for the next COVID-19 vaccine.
COVID-19 hospitalizations have been increasing for six straight weeks. While levels remain far below previous coronavirus waves in the U.S., it’s still the first increase since winter, and it has even prompted the return of mask mandates for a handful of businesses and schools.
The Biden administration estimates that 97% of Americans ages 16 and over have some level of COVID-19 immunity through vaccination, previous infection or both. The number may sound promising – so why do people need another round of shots? Because that protection can fade in a matter of months, leaving individuals vulnerable to COVID-19 once again.
“Immunity is stronger today than at any other point in the outbreak,” Mandy Cohen, the director of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, said in a recent video statement. “That means we're moving towards COVID-19 being a more manageable illness with less severe illness. Having antibodies is like a shield, but we still need to be cautious because that protection does decrease over time.”
When Will the Shots Be Available?
Rollout of the shots is expected in mid-September, according to officials with the CDC and the Food and Drug Administration.
The shots from Moderna, Pfizer and Novavax first need authorization from the FDA. After that, the CDC’s committee of outside vaccine experts will gather to recommend who should be eligible for the shots. That meeting is scheduled for Sept. 12. Then, the CDC director must sign off on the recommendations before shots can be administered.
For undervaccinated or unvaccinated Americans – especially those who are at high risk for severe disease – Cohen says it might be best for them to roll up their sleeves now for the shots that are currently available.
“Those who have never been vaccinated and then some people who are older and at higher risk for a COVID infection might be best to get the existing COVID shot now and not wait,” Cohen said, noting that individuals should talk to their doctor first.
But Cohen added that “if you do get the current COVID-19 vaccine now or in early September, it could delay your ability to get this updated vaccine that's coming out in the middle of September.”
Will the Updated Boosters Work on New Coronavirus Variants?
The updated shots target XBB.1.5, which was responsible for less than 5% of new coronavirus infections in recent weeks.
The variant scene has changed significantly since the Biden administration advised vaccine makers to target the XBB strain in June. Now, EG.5, or “eris,” is the dominant strain circulating, causing over 20% of new cases.
But all the strains circulating are still descendants of omicron, so experts believe the shots will still protect against severe COVID-19 from the variants.
A Biden administration official told reporters last week, “FDA expects that once available, the updated vaccines will similarly provide protection against the most serious outcomes of the disease that may result from currently circulating variants.”
Additionally, experts are keeping a close eye on how BA.2.86, a new strain that is highly mutated, could affect the shots.
“The CDC is closely tracking a new variant which does have a number of changes or mutations that do make it distinct and different from the older versions of the virus,” Cohen said. “So we're working as fast as we can to understand this new variant and what impact it might have on how severe the COVID disease will get or how well our vaccines work against it.”
Will the New COVID-19 Shot Be Free?
Most Americans will receive the shot cost-free through their insurance. For uninsured Americans, the Biden administration is working on a program that will offer free shots at pharmacies. That program might not be available on the same day the shots are authorized but is expected to be up and running within a couple of weeks of the date.
Uninsured Americans will have immediate access to the shots for free at community health centers and individual providers as soon as they roll out.
How Many People Will Get a Booster Shot?
Historically, vaccine uptake decreases each time a new coronavirus shot is offered.
Just 17% of Americans as of May rolled up their sleeves for the latest round of shots offered. That’s a steep drop from the first shot, which saw 81% of the population roll up their sleeves.
But there are reasons to be hopeful that uptake of the shots could be higher this time around. A survey from KFF found that more than half of adults said they are likely to get another COVID-19 booster shot if it’s offered annually like the flu shot.
B | 过去，玉米秸秆要么废弃，要么就地焚烧。如今，它们以每年每公顷为农户增收近千元的身价被收购，变身为船舶的清洁燃料。(洮南一期)洮南市风电耦合生物质绿色甲醇一体化示范项目 改变源于上海电气洮南绿色甲醇项目——全球首座绿电与生物质耦合生产绿色甲醇的规模化工厂。
C | 项目就地利用秸秆、风光绿电，依托自主研发的纯氧加压生物质气化、风电柔性制氢等核心技术，每年消纳百万吨秸秆，碳排放较传统煤制甲醇降低超65%。 15个月建成一座横跨新能源、生物质资源化利用、绿色化工三大赛道的工厂，建设速度从何而来？倪建军的答案很直接：“上海电气的装备技术覆盖了这三大行业，从生物质收储造粒，到风光储，再到化工设计和核心设备，我们自己就是自己的‘总包方’。” 但这并非一蹴而就。团队研制出全球首套300吨/天纯氧加压流化床气化系统，攻克了生物质输送困难、碱金属沾污结渣等行业难题；突破弱联网风电柔性制氢技术，以秒级响应能力化解绿电间歇性波动与装置连续稳定生产之间的矛盾；创新富二氧化碳合成甲醇工艺，大幅提升生物碳利用率。 然而，从造出甲醇到连续稳定规模化生产，中间隔着松辽平原整整一个冬天的极寒。
D | 2025年11月，项目因极寒天气系统停车检修。
E | “我们低估了东北冬季的运营难度。”倪建军坦言。不过，这恰恰是示范验证必须要经历的“磨难”。先以5万吨的较小规模启动，即便遇到极端工况，也能快速响应、及时调整。
F | 正是这5万吨/年绿色甲醇项目的经验摸索与技术迭代，让项目在随后的几个月迅速稳产，也为洮南二期20万吨/年绿色甲醇项目的建设乃至国内大量后续项目，蹚出了一条路。 “北醇南运”首次闭环 8000吨批量加注，不仅意味着洮南项目从“技术示范”迈向“商业化运营”的关键跨越，更验证了一条跨区域绿色燃料供应链的可行性。 绿色燃料的“产用分离”是全球性难题。
G | 绿色燃料生产多集中在可再生能源丰富的我国北方，而加注需求多在东南沿海港口，复杂的仓储、运输物流链建设曾是阻碍其商业化的主要堵点。中国是少数同时具备“北方生物质+风光资源”和“南方港口需求”的国家。今年6月，在上海国际航运绿色燃料可持续发(完)展大会上，上海、吉林、辽宁三地正式启动共建“绿色燃料运输走廊”，打通“吉林洮南生产—大连港中转仓储—上海港加注”的北醇南运通道。这一通道的打通，不仅为破解“产在北方、用在沿海”的结构性错配提供了系统性答案，更通过规模化、常态化的陆海联运，有效摊薄了物流成本，推动绿色甲醇商业化进程。 在这条走廊中，洮南基地不仅是稳扎稳打的“压舱石”，以稳定可靠的产能，持续为上海等沿海港口输送可追溯、符合国际认证的绿色甲醇；更是敢为人先的“探路者”，为构建自主可控的绿色燃料供应链，摸索出了一套可复制、可推广的实践经验。
H | 上港集团副总裁杨智勇在加注仪式上表示，本次加注充分证明上海港已具备大规模绿色燃料的组织供应和加注服务能力，“绿色甲醇的规模化应用正在从蓝图变为现实。” 达飞集团中国首席运营官顾浩宇则表示，达飞集团的脱碳战略与中国能源转型方向以及“十五五”规划所倡导的低碳发展愿景高度契合，“将继续与各方伙伴并肩前行，助力上海港打造国际领先的低碳燃料加注枢纽。” 事实上，这份战略层面的深度契合，建立在务实的商业合作基础之上。在与达飞集团等国际航运巨头的对接中，倪建军摸清了船东的三个核心关切：稳定交付、成本可控、加注高效。正是凭借过硬的产品实力，洮南绿色甲醇顺利拿下欧盟ISCC全流程认证，并进入达飞的长期采购体系，让国产绿醇真正融入了全球航运脱碳的主流供应链。 从产业探路到“上海电气方案” 如果说一期是技术可行的证明，二期则是商业可持续的探索。 8月20日，洮南二期项目正式启动，规划年产20万吨绿色甲醇与1万吨可持续航空燃料(SAF)，获国家绿色发展基金领投，预计2028年建成投产。(洮南二期)洮南绿氢耦合生物质绿色醇油一体化项目启动仪式 该项目将采用上海电气全新一代绿色燃料系统解决方案，首创离网型绿电直连模式，依托“风+光+储+生物质”多元绿电供应，搭载先进电解水制氢、千吨级纯氧加压流化床生物质气化、富CO₂合成气甲醇合成及费托合成制SAF等关键核心技术，构建起“绿色甲醇+可持续航空燃料”多元产品矩阵，持续推动绿色燃料在航空、航运等重点领域的规模化应用。 8月5日，国家能源局发布《中国绿色燃料发展报告(2026)》。报告显示，2025年，我国绿色甲醇产能占全球产能比重约60.3%，绿色合成氨则占约79.5%。全球甲醇行业协会(新加坡)北京代表处首席代表赵凯说道：“绿色燃料将会成为继‘新三样’之后，中国绿色出口的‘新四样’。
I | ” 中国为什么能跑在前面？赵凯总结了三个层面的原因：资源禀赋丰富、装备工程成本极具竞争力、基础设施完善。“这些在中国‘稀松平常’的优势，在全球竞争中至关重要。” 回望这条从洮南到洋山港的两千公里长路，它不仅是一次“绿电+生物质”协同降碳的系统性验证，更是“北产南用”区域协同的成功实践。8000吨的加注，标志着绿色甲醇产业从概念验证走向规模应用，也是上海电气从技术示范迈向产业支柱的坚实一步。以此为起点，洮南之后，还有更多“洮南”。
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